VAMIS: Video Analysis of Errors and Technical Performance Within Minimally Invasive Surgery Short Title: Video Analysis in Minimally Invasive Surgery (VAMIS)

Despite the high volumes, advanced minimally invasive surgery is non-standardised and variations often occur in surgical technique, performance, delivery, team communication, and surgical approach. Such variations can result in errors and complications that can potentially be avoided.

This project aims to analyse surgical phases (stage of the operation), skill and errors to anonymised, surgical video data through Medtronic's Touch Surgery™ Enterprise DS1 Computer which can capture video data anonymously in any minimally invasive (key hole) procedure in the operating room, allowing immediate, upload of data to a platform for immediate feedback and assessment to surgeons. The investigators hypothesise that understanding technical performance and surgical processes, may reduce unwarranted variations, errors and near misses, and improve the performance of the entire surgical team that is ultimately hoped to enhance patient safety and outcomes. Investigators plan to develop assessment tools with the hope to improve feedback, learning and ultimately surgeons' performances. The latest methodology of manual (OCHRA) and automated assessment (artificial intelligence) will be applied. Investigators aim to validate these methods by correlating video "scores" of skill/errors to patient outcomes e.g. complications, cancer outcome.