Descriptive statistics (mean, median, standard deviation, distribution, etc) of the metabolism measures will be calculated. We will use a tree-based cross-validated Classification & Regression Trees (CART) model for predicting benign renal tumors vs. low grade RCCs vs. high grade RCCs based on the HP 13C pyruvate metabolic data;
Descriptive statistics (mean, median, standard deviation, distribution, etc) of the metabolism measures will be calculated. The investigators will use a tree-based cross-validated Classification & Regression Trees (CART) model for predicting benign renal tumors vs. low grade renal cell carcinoma (RCC) vs. high grade RCCs based on the HP 13C pyruvate metabolic data
Descriptive statistics (mean, median, standard deviation, distribution, etc) of the metabolism measures will be calculated. The investigators will use a tree-based cross-validated Classification & Regression Trees (CART) model for predicting benign renal tumors vs. low grade RCCs vs. high grade RCCs based on the HP 13C pyruvate metabolic data;
Assessment of the occurrence of clinically significant changes in safety variables from baseline. Safety endpoints include monitoring for the occurrence of treatment-emergent AEs. Toxicities will be graded using the National Cancer Institute (NCI) Common Terminology (Toxicity) Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) version 4.0.
For participants who obtained an optional second HP 13 C pyruvate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) will be used to estimate the intra-subject agreement. ICCs will be obtained from a one-way analysis of variance model based on 2 serial measurements per subject. The ICC ranges from 0 to 1. An ICC close to 1 indicates high similarity between values from the same group. An ICC close to zero means that values from the same group are not similar. The results will be presented with a 95% confidence interval.
For participants who are in active surveillance for their renal tumors, MRI findings will be compared to tumor growth rate while on active surveillance. Correlations of HP 13C metabolism measures to change in tumor size on subsequent surveillance imaging studies will be performed using Pearson or rank correlation.
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